Prenatal and Postpartum Stress/Depression Symptoms Among Nepalese Women: A Call for Mental Health Improvements

Kathmandu: Pregnancy and the postpartum period are developmental phases in a woman’s life, associated with physical, emotional, and psychological changes. This research aims to collect the experiences of Nepalese women during these critical periods, focusing on stress levels and symptoms of depression. With 133 total participants, we seek to understand the challenges faced by women in Nepal, exploring factors contributing to stress and initiating proposals for mental health improvements.

I interviewed and surveyed 133 women during their pregnancy (prenatal) or women in the post-pregnancy phase (postpartum) of up to one year after giving birth. Participants were asked to rate their stress levels before and after pregnancy on a scale of 1 to 5. The research design involved a mix of interviews and surveys, allowing for a comprehensive exploration of participants’ experiences.

In interviews, 104 out of 133 women reported facing stress and depression symptoms. The reasons identified for stress included concerns about their health, the health of their baby, and the household’s financial situation due to increased expenses associated with the newborn. The stress about their husband not earning enough money also turned up as a prevalent theme.

After analyzing the survey data, we found that, on average, the level of stress and depression symptoms among participants before pregnancy was 2.4785 and the level of stress and depression symptoms after pregnancy for the same participants was 3.5763 on a scale of 1 to 5. These findings emphasize the significant mental health challenges experienced by Nepalese women during or up to one year after pregnancy.

My research leads us to a crucial conclusion: Nepalese women require mental health improvements during the prenatal and postpartum periods. The identified stressors, ranging from health concerns to financial pressures, demand collective attention. By acknowledging the issue and working together, we have the potential to mitigate and prevent the adverse mental health effects faced by women in this vulnerable period.

Addressing the mental health needs of Nepalese women during and after pregnancy requires a collaborative effort. By implementing targeted interventions, support systems, and awareness campaigns, we can collectively work towards reducing the prevalence of stress and depression symptoms. It is our responsibility as a society to prioritize the well-being of mothers, ensuring a healthier and more positive start for both women and their newborns.

(Brikshya Gautam is an IBDP Graduate from Ullens School)